• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    MULTILEVEL CONVERTER AND A CONTROL METHOD TO OPERATE A MULTILEVEL CONVERTER. The present invention relates to a converter (1) comprising: - an active stage (2) to convert an AC input voltage (u ~ in ~) into an AC input into an intermediate DC voltage (U ~ Z ~); - a DC / DC converter (3) for transforming the intermediate DC voltage (U ~ Z ~) into a DC output voltage (U ~ out ~) into a DC output, where the DC / DC converter (2) has a resonant transformer (32, 33); - a control unit (5) configured - to actively operate the active stage (2) based only on an output DC voltage (U ~ out ~) of the DC / DC converter (3), an input voltage (U ~ in ~) and an input current from the converter (1); and - to operate the DC / DC converter (3) in an open loop mode.
    公开号:BR102012022562B1
    申请号:R102012022562-0
    申请日:2012-09-06
    公开日:2020-12-15
    发明作者:Drazen Dujic；Francisco Canales；Akos Mester
    申请人:Abb Schweiz Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Technical Field
    [001] The intermediate position refers to multilevel converters, in particular modular multilevel converters, which are galvanically isolated. In addition, the present invention relates to a control method for operating a multilevel converter for supplying a constant average output DC link voltage. Prior Art
    [002] Multilevel converters are well known in the art. For transportation purposes, for example, there is a need to transform a medium input AC voltage into a low output DC voltage. In general, an AC / DC converter can be implemented in a two-stage approach, comprising an active front end stage and a DC / DC converter stage. A control unit is provided to control the active front end stage and the DC / DC converter stage in order to provide a constant output DC link voltage. A number of sensor elements are used to measure the line input voltage, the line input current, the DC link output voltage, the resonant current on the primary / secondary side of the DC / DC converter and the line voltages. DC connection of all levels in the active front end units. Usually, this kind of multilevel converter has a multilevel topology, where the active front end stages are connected serially, while the stages of DC / DC converters are in parallel at the output. In the case of a multilevel converter topology, the sensor elements must measure the current on the secondary sides of each DC / DC converter and the DC output voltages of each active front end stage.
    [003] The control unit serves to control the active front end stage and the DC / DC converter stage so that the main control targets of an average constant output DC link voltage and control factor power (for example, close to the unit) and the total harmonic distortion (THD) as low as possible are satisfied. Since the multi-level converter in medium voltage applications is operated directly from a medium voltage source, the insulation requirements for the sensor equipment are quite demanding. Therefore, it is preferred to reduce the number of voltage / current sensors for measurement required to apply the control unit's control scheme.
    [004] EP 180 586 A1 and US 6,344,979 B1 show an AC / DC converter having the two-stage topology described above and using an LLC resonant circuit or a CLL resonant circuit, respectively, to make the DC / DC in a resonant converter.
    [005] DE 198 27 872 A1 also shows an electronic multi-level power transformer having a two-stage topology with an active front end unit and a non-resonant DC / DC converter.
    [006] DE 19 750 041 C1 discloses a modular converter arrangement with a focus on modules, mechanical features and connectivity.
    [007] Document 5,646,835 discloses a series resonant circuit that includes an inverter having IGBTs. The series resonant circuit includes a controller that uses phase and frequency modulation in conjunction with a logarithmic amplifier to control the inverter.
    [008] US 2006/0221653 A1 discloses an intelligent universal transformer based on a multilevel converter, including interconnected back-to-back multilevel converters, coupled to a switched inverter circuit via a high frequency transformer. The input of the universal transformer can be coupled to a high voltage distribution system and the output of the universal transformer can be coupled to a low voltage application.
    [009] In the document T. Zhao, G. Wang, J. Zeng, S. Dutta, S. Bhattacharya and AQ Huang, "Voltage and power balance control for a cascaded multilevel solid-state transformer", IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, APEC 2010, pp. 761-767, a dual active bridge converter is used for a DC / DC converter stage. The energy flow in the double active bridge converter is controlled by controlling the phase shift between the voltages applied on the input and output sides through a transformer leakage inductance. To achieve energy balance between the stages, all voltages and currents at each level on both sides need to be measured.
    [0010] A generic type converter is also specified in US 5,233,509. Summary of the Present Invention
    [0011] In view of the above, it is the objective of the present invention to provide a control method for a multilevel converter that allows the number of felt voltages and currents to be reduced.
    [0012] The above objective is achieved by the control method for a multilevel converter and the multilevel converter.
    [0013] According to a first aspect, a multilevel converter is provided comprising: - an active stage for converting an AC input voltage into an AC input into an intermediate DC voltage; - a DC / DC converter for transforming the intermediate DC voltage into a DC output voltage in a DC output, where the DC / DC converter has a resonant transformer, in particular being formed by a resonant circuit and a transformer; - a configured control unit: to actively operate the active stage based only on an output DC voltage from the DC / DC converter, an input voltage and an output current of the active stage; and to operate the DC / DC converter in an open loop mode.
    [0014] An idea of the present invention is to provide a converter and a control scheme for that converter, in which it is sufficient to feel only the output DC voltage of the DC / DC converter, the input voltage and the input current of the active stage to obtain the control targets of a constant average of the output DC link voltage and a sinusoidal input current for a controllable power factor.
    [0015] As for the DC / DC converter, a resonant converter with a transformer is used. The DC / DC converter is operated in an open loop mode, so that the voltages on one primary side and one secondary side of the transformer correlate with each other substantially independent of the output current supplied.
    [0016] Therefore, the control method requires only the input voltage and the input current and the output voltage as the controlled quantity since, due to the resonant DC / DC converter, a voltage on the primary side of the resonant converter is imposed for a fixed amount, too. Therefore, there is no need for additional control of the voltage of the voltages on the primary side and the control of the output DC voltage is only sufficient due to the strong coupling between the primary and secondary sides of the resonant DC / DC converter.
    [0017] In addition, the control unit can be configured to operate a DC / DC converter in open loop mode. By switching the active switch with a switching frequency that corresponds to a resonant frequency of the resonant transformer or below. Therefore, it can be obtained that, in the resonant DC / DC converter, which operates in an open loop mode, a fixed operating point can be defined which can be optimized with respect to efficiency.
    [0018] According to one modality, the DC / DC converter can have a first switching unit and a second switching unit, each having elements of switching in parallel through free-wheel diodes, in which, the first one enters switching unit and the second switching unit, the resonant transformer is arranged, in which the control unit is configured to operate one of the switching units with a duty cycle of about 50% and at the switching frequency. In particular, it can be provided that the control unit is configured not to drive the respective other of the switching units, so that the freewheeling diodes act as a passive rectifier or configured to operate the other of the switching units to act as an active rectifier.
    [0019] An operation in a 50% fixed duty cycle in a region at or below the resonance frequency has been found to be sufficient. This provides switching of the zero voltage to the pulsed semiconductors during the connection and an almost zero current switching during the shutdown, since the value of the shutdown current can be controlled and minimized during the design of the resonant tank.
    [0020] Depending on the power flow, the DC / DC converter can be operated to actively switch a primary or secondary switching unit, while the other, depending on the topology, can be operated as a passive rectifier or operated via switching. in order to act as an active rectifier. In case one of the switching units is operated as a passive rectifier, it acts as an impedance transformer, in which the equivalent load resistance is different from the actual load resistance and can be easily derived. For a constant output DC link voltage, a voltage on the primary side of the resonant converter is also attached to the fixed value, which is determined by the transformation ratios of the transformer and influenced by the voltage through the transimpedance of the resonant circuit.
    [0021] It can be provided that the control unit has a control function that controls the DC output voltage and the input current, taking into account the DC output voltage and the input voltage and output current of the active stage.
    [0022] In addition, the control function can be a cascade control function.
    [0023] The active stage can have an H-bridge circuit is operated according to, a modulation index that is a result of the control function.
    [0024] It can be provided that the active stage has an output inductor applied in series.
    [0025] According to a modality, the resonant transformer can be formed by a resonant circuit and a transformer, in which the resonant circuit includes a resonant inductor, a resonant capacitor and a parallel inductor.
    [0026] According to another aspect, an arrangement including a plurality of converters above can be provided in which the AC inputs of the active stages are connected in series and the DC outputs of the DC / DC converter are connected in parallel, where the control unit is configured to actively operate the active stages based only on the common output DC voltage of the parallel DC / DC converters, the input voltage at an input of the arrangement and the input current through the arrangement .
    [0027] In addition, a common input inductor can be provided in series with the active stages connected serially.
    [0028] It is noted that the input voltage above corresponds to an input line voltage applied externally to the converter and the coupled converters. Usually, input inductors are provided to decouple the input line voltage supplied externally from the voltage through the switches (H-point circuit) within the active stage.
    [0029] According to another aspect, a method can be provided comprising the following steps: - actively operating the active stage based only on the output DC voltage of the DC / DC converter, an input voltage and a current of exit from the active stage; and - operation of the DC / DC converter in an open loop mode. Brief Description of Drawings
    [0030] Preferred embodiments of the present invention are now described in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
    [0031] Figure 1 shows a schematic of an AC / DC converter having an active front end stage and a DC / DC converter stage;
    [0032] Figure 2 shows a block diagram illustrating a control scheme for operating the multilevel converter; and
    [0033] Figure 3 shows a multilevel converter having a plurality of AC / DC converters. Description of Preferred Modalities
    [0034] Figure 1 shows an AC / DC converter 1 for use in an electronic medium voltage power transformer. This type of converters can be used, for example, for traction purposes.
    [0035] The AC / DC converter 1 has a front end active stage 2 (active stage) and a DC / DC converter stage 3. Although this converter 1 can be operated bidirectionally, the following description refers to a energy flow from the front end active stage 2 to the DC / DC converter stages 3, as commonly used for traction applications.
    [0036] The front end active stage 2 has AC terminals for receiving an AC input voltage un The front end active stage 2 DC terminals are provided to supply a converted intermediate DC link voltage Uz. The intermediate DC link voltage Uz is connected to the first terminals of the DC / DC converter stage 3, which serves to decouple and transform the intermediate DC link voltage Uz to an output voltage Uout ..
    [0037] The front end active stage 2 is an actively controlled AC / DC conversion unit. In the present embodiment, the front end active stage 2 comprises a first to fourth switching element S1 to S4 interconnected as an H-bridge circuit. The switching elements S1 to S4 can be provided as MOSFETS, IGBTs, power IGCTs and the like, each having a freewheeling diode D1 to D4, respectively, in parallel. In detail, the first and second switching elements S1 and S2 are connected in series between a first line of DC 7 and a second line of CC8, providing the intermediate DC link voltage Uz In the same way, a third switching element S3 and a fourth switching element S4 are connected in series between the first line of DC 7 and the second line of DC 8.
    [0038] The AC input line voltage Uin is connected to a first node N1 that is between the first and second switching elements connected in series S1 and S2 via an input inductor Lin of the front end active stage 2 and the a second node N2, located between the third and fourth switching elements connected in series S3, S4. Between the first DC 7 line and the second DC 8 line, a serial connection of DC link capacitors C1 and C2 is still connected.
    [0039] The passive DC / DC converter stage 3 is coupled with the DC lines 7, 9 of the active front end stage 2 to receive the intermediate DC link voltage Uz. The passive DC / DC converter stage has a first half-bridge circuit 31 being a serial connection of a fifth switching element S5 and a sixth switching element S6 that are coupled with the DC terminals, that is, the first line of CC 7 and the second CC 8 line of the front end active stage 2.
    [0040] A resonant tank 32 is provided, an entrance of which is coupled with a fourth node N4 of the first half bridge 31, between the fifth and sixth switching elements S5, S6 and a second entrance of which is coupled with a third node N3 of the serial connection of the first and second capacitors C1, C2 of the front end active stage 2. Other terminals of the resonant tank 32 with a first terminal on the primary side of transformer 33. The first node N3 of the serial connection of capacitors C1, C2 of the front end active stage 2 is connected to a second terminal on the primary side of transformer 33. A parallel inductor Lm of the resonant tank 32 is provided between the NT-Node and the second terminal on the primary side of transformer 33. The third node N3 of the serial connection of capacitors CI, C2 of the front end active stage 2 is connected with a second terminal on the primary side of transformer 33. A parallel inductor Lm of the resonant tank 32 is provided located between the first terminal on the primary side of transformer 33 and the second terminal on the primary side of transformer 33.
    [0041] According to another alternative embodiment, the resonant tank 32 may comprise a resonant inductor Lr, which is connected between the fourth node N4 of the first half bridge 31 and a first terminal on the primary side of transformer 33 and a resonant capacitor Cr , which is connected between the third serial connection node of capacitors C1, C2 of the front end active stage 2 and a second terminal on the primary side of transformer 33. A parallel inductor Lm is provided between the first and second terminals on the primary side of transformer 33.
    [0042] In alternative modalities, the resonant inductor Lr and the parallel inductor Lm of the resonant tank 32 can also be integrated into the magnetic structure of a transformer 33.
    [0043] It is also possible that, instead of with the third node N3, the resonant capacitor is connected directly to the second line of DC 8. In cases where the second input of the resonant tank 32 is coupled with the second line of DC 8, the second terminal on the primary side of the transformer 33 is preferably connected directly with the second line of DC 8, that is, without any components between the second line of DC 8 and the second terminates on the primary side of the transformer 33.
    [0044] A first terminal on a secondary side of transformer 33 is coupled with a fifth node N5 of a second half bridge 34, comprising a serial connection of seventh and eighth switching elements S7, S8. The serial connection of the second half bridge 34 is connected between a first and second DC output lines 15, 16, connected with a first and a second output terminal OI, O2, respectively.
    [0045] Switching elements SI to S4 of the front end active stage 2 and switching elements S5 to S6 of the first and second half bridges 3, 34 can be implemented as MOSFETS, IGBTs, IGCTs and the like, each having a integrated freewheeling diode (intrinsic or separate DI to D2, respectively, which is connected in parallel and in a reverse polarized manner as the respective switching element SI to Ss.
    [0046] Between the first and second Oi, O2 terminals, a serial connection of a third and fourth capacitor C3, C4 is applied, in which a sixth N6 serial connection node of a third and fourth capacitor C3, C4 it is coupled with a second terminal on the secondary side of transformer 33. Alternatively, the second terminal on the secondary side of transformer 33 can also be coupled directly with the second terminal and output O2.
    [0047] It can be provided that the resonant capacitor Cr is split into a capacitor connected with the first / second terminal on the primary side of transformer 33 and another capacitor connected with the first / second terminal on the secondary side of transformer 33.
    [0048] The AC / DC converter 1 is controlled by a control unit 5. To provide the control unit 5 with the input measurements, a voltage sensing unit 10 is provided to detect the input voltage of AC Uin and a current sensing unit 11 is provided to detect the AC input current iin. In addition, an output sensor unit 12 is provided to detect the output voltage Uout.
    [0049] The control unit 5 controls the operation of the active front end stage and controls the passive stage of the DC / DC converter 3. The control is performed based on the input measurements of the input voltage of AC uin, the current input voltage and DC output voltage Uout, as well as a given desired output voltage.
    [0050] The DC / DC converter stage 3 is implemented as a resonant transformer stage. Where the resonant tank 32 provides a resonant frequency of the combined circuit of the resonant tank 32 and transformer 33, where a resonant frequency can be adapted by careful selection of the resonant inductor Lr and the resonant capacitor Cr. Another resonant frequency is defined by selecting the values defined by the resonant inductor Ir and the resonant capacitor Cr and the parallel inductor Lm. Depending on the energy flow, the first half bridge 31 or second half bridge 34 is switched, while the respective other half bridge is passive, so that the associated freewheeling diodes simply act as a rectifier.
    [0051] In the present case, it is assumed that the energy flow is from the active front end stage 2 to the DC / DC converter stage 3 to the output terminals OI, O2. In this case, only the first half bridge 31 is actively switched while the switching elements S7 and Se of the second half bridge 34 are switched off, so that the associated freewheeling diodes D7 and D8 are rectifying voltage and current provided by the secondary side of the transformer 33.
    [0052] In an alternative mode, the DC / DC converter can be made with a multilevel topology on both sides of the resonant tank 32. Then, switching will be required on both sides, regardless of the energy flow, so that active rectification is achieved.
    [0053] Assuming that converter 1 is operated as an AC / DC converter, primary control targets are that the output DC link voltage Uout is constant on average and that the input current Iin has a low THD and that the power factor almost the unit is controlled. Due to the use of resonant tank stage 3, the DC output voltage Uout constant via the serial connection of capacitors C3 and C4 and the intermediate voltage Uz on the input side of transformer stage 3 via capacitors CIe C2 are attached to the fixed value, also, and are determined by the transformer's transformation ratio by voltage through the transimpedance of the resonant tank 32.
    [0054] Transformer stage 33 can be operated in open loop at a fixed operating point, which can be optimized for the best possible efficiency. A fixed frequency of 50% of the duty cycle of the half bridge actively operated in the region or below the resonance frequency is sufficient. This provides zero voltage switching for the active half bridge during switch-on and an almost zero current switching during switch-off.
    [0055] To reach the main control targets above, it is sufficient to acquire the output voltage Uout, the input current iin and the output voltage Uout as input measure, the latter being strongly correlated with the intermediate voltage Uz.
    [0056] As shown in figure 2, the control scheme can, for example, be implemented as a cascade control loop with an internal line current controller 51 and an external output DC link voltage controller 52. The line input current controller 51 performs a control, for example, (using a control block P or I), depending on a difference in output voltage between a desired voltage Udes and the actual output voltage Uout. The output value of the internal line current controller 51 is multiplied in a multiplication block 54 with a sine waveform signal, extracted from the AC input voltage Uin, using a phase locked loop circuit 53 so that a sinusoidal AC current signal is obtained having an amplitude that depends on the difference between the desired Udes voltage and the actual Uout output voltage. An illine control current is obtained.
    [0057] The control current iline and its input current iin are subtracted from each other in a subtraction block 55 and the resulting different current is supplied to the external output DC link voltage controller 52 to obtain an index of modulation M, which is used to operate the front end 2 active stage. In general, the modulation index indicates a modulation scheme and describes how much a modulated variable of a carrier signal varies around its unmodulated level. Therefore, the intermediate link voltage Uz generated depending on the modulation index M can be controlled exactly using electrical means available on the input and output side of converter 1.
    [0058] Figure 3 shows an array of converter 40 having a plurality of converters 1, which are connected serially on the input sides and where the output terminals are connected in parallel. In other words, the first OI output terminals of each converter 1 are interconnected and the second O2 output terminals are interconnected. On the input side, the active front end stages 2 are connected serially, like a garland and the input voltage is applied through the active front end 2 stages connected serially.
    [0059] The converter arrangement 40 is controlled by the control unit 5. The measurements provided for the control unit 5 are obtained by the voltage sensing unit 10 to detect the input voltage of AC Uin through all active end stages Serially connected front ends 2 and current sensing unit 11 to detect incoming AC current iin across all active front end stages 2. In addition, an output sensing unit 12 is provided to detect the common Uout output voltage of all DC / DC converter stages 3.
    [0060] In an alternative mode, the Lin input inductors of all or part of the active front end stages 2 can be replaced by a common input inductor connected serially with the active front end stages 2 to decouple the voltage from AC Uin input of the voltage through the active stages of front ends connected serially 2.
    [0061] The control method proposed in the above is also applicable to the converter arrangement of figure 3. As all outputs from the DC / DC converter stages are connected in parallel, this implies that all floating DC connections on the side of the transformer stages 3 (or at the output of the front end active stages 2) will be set at an ideally identical value. Therefore, there is no need for additional control of the intermediate DC link voltage Uz and the control of the output DC link voltage is only sufficient due to the tight coupling between the primary and secondary sides in the DC / DC converter stages 3 to as it is formed as a resonant converter.
    [0062] An influence of parameter variations between different converters with respect to a balanced energy sharing and capacitor balance on the primary side is low since the topology of figure 3 is quite strong and not sensitive to variations in these parameters. In particular, the sensitivity to changes in the value of the Lr resonant inductor of the resonant capacitor Cr and the DC link capacitance is low and even a variation of plus / minus 20% can be tolerated. Reference List 1 converter 2 front end active stage 3 DC / DC converter stage 5 control unit 7 first DC line 8 second DC line 10 input voltage sensor unit 11 input current sensor unit 12 sensor unit output voltage 31 first half bridge 32 resonant tank 33 transformer 34 second half bridge 51 to S8 switching elements D1 to D8 freewheeling diodes Cr resonant capacitor Lr resonant inductor Lm parallel inductor Lin input inductor 51 Internal line current controller 52 external output DC link voltage controller 53 locked phase loop 54 multiplication block 55 subtraction block
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    1. Multilevel converter (1) comprising, - an active stage (2) to convert an AC input voltage (uin) into an AC input into an intermediate DC voltage (Uz); - a DC / DC converter (3) for transforming the intermediate DC voltage (Uz) into a DC output voltage (Uout) into a DC output, where the DC / DC converter (2) has a resonant transformer (32, 33); characterized by the fact that the converter additionally comprises, - a control unit (5) configured to actively operate the active stage (2) based only on an output DC voltage (Uout) of the DC / DC converter (3), an input voltage (uin) and an input current of the converter (1); and to operate the DC / DC converter (3) in an open loop mode.
    [0002]
    2. Converter (1), according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the control unit (5) is configured to operate the DC / DC converter (3) in open loop mode, by switching the switch active with a switching frequency that corresponds to a resonant frequency of the resonant transformer (32, 33) or below.
    [0003]
    3. Converter (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the DC / DC converter (3) has a first switching unit (31) and a second switching unit (34) each having switching elements (S5 - S8), each in parallel by free-wheel diodes (D5 - D8), in which, between the first switching unit (31) and the second switching unit (34), the resonant transformer (32, 33) is arranged, in which the control unit (5) is configured to operate one of the switching units (31, 34) with a duty cycle of about 50% and the switching frequency .
    [0004]
    4. Converter (1), according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the control unit (5) is configured not to drive the other of the switching units (31, 34) so that the freewheeling diodes (D5 - D8), act as a passive rectifier or operate the other of the switching units (31, 34) to act as an active rectifier.
    [0005]
    5. Converter (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the control unit (5) has a control function that controls the DC output voltage (Uout) and the current input taking into account the DC output voltage (Uout) and the input voltage (Uin) and the input current (iin) of the active stage (2).
    [0006]
    6. Converter (1), according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that the control function is a cascade control function.
    [0007]
    7. Converter (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by the fact that the active stage (2) has an H-bridge circuit, in which the H-bridge circuit is operated according to a modulation index that is a result of the control function.
    [0008]
    8. Converter (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the active stage (2) has an input inductor (Lin) applied serially.
    [0009]
    9. Converter (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that the resonant transformer (32, 33) is formed by a resonant circuit (32) and a transformer (33), in which the resonant circuit (32) includes a resonant inductor (Lr), a resonant capacitor (Cr) and a parallel inductor (Lm).
    [0010]
    10. Arrangement (40) comprising a plurality of multilevel converters, as defined in any of claims 1 to 9, with the AC inputs of the active stages (2) being connected serially and the DC outputs of the DC / converters DC (3) are connected in parallel, characterized by the fact that the control unit (5) is configured to actively operate the active stages (2) only based on the common DC output voltage (Uout) of the DC / Parallel DC (3), the output voltage at an input of the arrangement (40) and the input current through the arrangement (40).
    [0011]
    11. Arrangement (4), according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that a common input inductor is provided in series with the active stages (2) connected serially.
    [0012]
    12. Method for operating a multilevel converter (1), the converter (1) comprising, - an active stage (2) to convert an AC input voltage (uin) into an AC input into an intermediate voltage of CC (Uz); - a DC / DC converter (3) for transforming the intermediate DC voltage (Uz) into a DC output voltage (Uout) into a DC output, where the DC / DC converter (2) has a resonant transformer (32, 33); being formed by a resonant circuit (32) and a transformer (33); characterized by the fact that it still comprises the following steps, - a control unit (5) configured - active operation of the active stage (2) based only on an output DC voltage (Uout) of the DC / DC converter (3) , an input voltage (uin) of the converter (1) and an input current of the active stage (2) e - operation of the DC / DC converter (3) in an open loop mode.
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    法律状态:
    2015-02-10| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]|
    2017-12-19| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: ABB SCHWEIZ AG (CH) |
    2018-01-30| B25L| Entry of change of name and/or headquarter and transfer of application, patent and certificate of addition of invention: publication cancelled|Owner name: ABB TECHNOLOGY AG (CH) |
    2018-02-06| B25C| Requirement related to requested transfer of rights|Owner name: ABB TECHNOLOGY AG (CH) |
    2018-05-15| B25L| Entry of change of name and/or headquarter and transfer of application, patent and certificate of addition of invention: publication cancelled|Owner name: ABB SCHWEIZ AG (CH) |
    2018-05-22| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: ABB SCHWEIZ AG (CH) |
    2018-12-11| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-10-08| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-29| B25G| Requested change of headquarter approved|Owner name: ABB SCHWEIZ AG (CH) |
    2020-10-06| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-15| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 06/09/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP11180537.0A|EP2568589B1|2011-09-08|2011-09-08|Multilevel converter comprising an active AC-DC converter and a resonant DC-DC converter and a control method for operating a multilevel converter|
    EP11180537.0|2011-09-08|
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